长期住院精神分裂症患者的生活质量评估

Quality of Life of Long-term Hospitalized Patients with Schizophrenia and Its Influential Factors

目的评估长期住院精神分裂症患者的生活质量并分析影响因素,为提高患者的生活质量提供科学依据。方法入组精神分裂症患者258例,均为男性,采用生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)评定生活质量,阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定患者的精神病状态,分析年龄、文化程度、婚姻、病情、病程、住院时间、躯体疾病、抗精神病药等对患者生活质量的影响。结果①受教育程度较高、无躯体疾病及服用新型抗精神病药者生活质量总分显著较高(t=2.052,3.425,3.004;P<0.05或<0.01);而年龄越大、未婚/离婚/丧偶者、住院时间较长、副反应明显者生活质量总分显著较低(t=3.394,2.337,2.855,2.184;P<0.05或<0.01);②PANSS总分、阳性因子分、阴性因子分及一般精神病理因子分越高,而患者生活质量评分越低(r=0.326,0.371,0.318,0.206;P<0.05或0.01)。结论长期住院精神分裂症患者的生活质量受着多因素的影响。

Objective To explore quality of life （QOL） of long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and its influential fac- tors, so as to provide scientific evidence for improving QOL of schizophrenias. Methods A total of 258 male long-term hospitalized pa- tients with schizophrenia were selected. QOL was evaluated with General Quality of Life Inwentory （ GQOLI - 74）. Positive and Negative Symptom Scale （PANSS） was used to assess for patients with psychotic state. To analyze the influence of QOL between age, cultural, matrimony, state of an illness, course of diseases, term in hospital, somatic disease and antipsychotics, etc. Results （1）The higher ed- ucation, no somatic disease, and atypical antipsychotics were associative with the higher scores of QOL （ t = 2. 052, 3.425,3. 004 ; P 〈 0.05 ） ; However older age, single/divorced/widowed, in the hospital for longer time and the obvious side effects were associative with the lower scores of QOL （ t = 3. 394, 2. 337, 2. 855, 2. 184 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. （~）The higher scores of PANSS, positive factor, negative factor and general mental pathological factor were associative with the lower scores of QOL （ r = O. 326, 0. 371, 0. 318, 0. 206 ; P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion QOL of long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia is influenced by multiple factors.