论事实推定在行政诉讼中的应用——兼评行政诉讼证明标准

On the Application of Fact Presumption in Administrative Litigation——Commenting on the Standard of Proof in Administrative Litigation

事实推定不是民事诉讼所独有,在行政诉讼领域,由于具体行政行为种类的多样性和差异性,证据确凿不应是行政诉讼审判实践中的唯一证明标准,不同种类的具体行政行为可以适用不同的证明标准,这为行政诉讼中事实推定的运用提供了发展空间,即当行政诉讼案件事实不明时同样可以以事实推定的方式进行认定。

Fact presumption is not unique to civil litigation, and it can also be applied in the field of admin-istrative litigation. Because of the diversity and differences of administrative behaviors, the irrefutable evidence should not be considered the only standard of proof in administrative litigation. Different types of administrative behavior requires different standards of proof. So if the fact is not clear in an administrative litigation case, fact presumption may be applied.