作为管理的纪律——读《劳动与垄断资本——二十世纪中劳动的退化》

Discipline as Management——Reflections on "Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century"

在资本主义早期,劳动最初由那些熟练掌握工业技术和传统技艺的生产者直接控制,但随着劳动力成为生产要素,劳动过程的控制权发生转移,催生了管理现象。资本家的管理职能既作为国家统治和社会治理的管理,同时也是生产的管理。劳动纪律是管理活动的具体体现,劳动纪律规定设置的科学化、合理化给管理学的新生带来了机遇,管理也开始了学科化、现代化的进程,但无论如何发展,其纪律控制的本质和组织控制的特征没有变,也不会变。

In early capitalism, labor progress was directly controlled by those producers skilled in industrial technology and traditional craft. Since labor became a factor of production, the control right of labor process transferred and management appeared. Capitalist management functions not only as governmental and social man-agement, but also as the practice of production management. Labor discipline is the concrete expression of management activities. Labor discipline is the specific expression of management. It designs scientific and reasonable setup, which brings about new life, new opportunities and development to management. However management develops, its nature of disciplinary control and characteristic of organizational control never change.