过敏性哮喘患者蟑螂抗原皮肤反应性调查

Survey on Reactivity of Cockroach Allergy in Out-Patients with Allergic Asthma Through Skin Test

目的对门诊蟑螂过敏性哮喘发病情况进行粗略判断 ,并以对黑胸大蠊与美洲大蠊抗原皮肤反应性作一比较。 方法回顾分析 2 12例有 14种抗原 (皮肤点刺试验 )资料的过敏性哮喘及过敏性鼻炎患儿蟑螂抗原皮试结果 ;总结 34例成人过敏性哮喘患者上述两种蟑螂抗原皮试 (皮内试验 )结果。 结果有皮试资料的 2 12例患儿中 ,蟑螂抗原皮肤点刺试验阳性 6 1例 ,阳性率 2 8.7% ,占 14种抗原皮试结果的第 4位。而就气传变应原相比较 ,排在屋尘螨及粉尘螨 (均为 89.6 % )之后 ,居第 3位 ;34例成人患者中 ,蟑螂抗原皮内试验阳性 6例 ,阳性率 17.7%。黑胸大蠊与美洲大蠊抗原皮试阳性结果一致。 结论蟑螂是门诊过敏性哮喘及过敏性鼻炎患儿常见致敏原之一 ;哮喘患者对黑胸大蠊与美洲大蠊抗原反应性一致。

Objective To roughly evaluate the prevalence of cockroach allergy in outpatients with allergic asthma or rhinitis, and to compare the positive reactivity from two different kinds of cockroaches, i.e. Periplaneta fuliginosa and Periplaneta americana. Methods The positive rates of the skin prick test using cockroach body extract in 212 cases of pediatric out-patients with allergic asthma or rhinitis, and the positive reactivity of intradermal test in 34 cases of adult asthmatic out-patients, were carefully compared and statistically analyzed, respectively. Results The positive rate of cockroach allergy in pediatric patients was 28.7%, which was the fourth one among all the allergens used and the third to the allergens of two kinds of mites (Der p. and Der f., 89.6%) among the aeroallergens. The positive rate of cockroach allergy in adults was 17.7% and a strict concordance between two kinds of cockroaches was seen. Conclusion Cockroach allergens were common among aeroallergens and were the third to the two kinds of mites. Reactivity of patients with asthma to allergens from Periplaneta fuliginosa and Periplaneta americana is in strict accordance.