铁皮石斛原球茎毒理学安全性研究

Research on toxicological security of dendrobium candidum protocorms

目的对铁皮石斛原球茎的食用安全性进行毒理学评价。方法采用急性毒性实验、遗传毒性实验(Ames试验、小鼠骨髓微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验)和大鼠90 d喂养试验进行评价。结果小鼠经口MTD大于12.0 g/kg·bw;Ames试验、小鼠骨髓微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验3项遗传毒性试验结果均为阴性;90 d喂养试验未见大鼠的生长发育、血液学、生化及脏器比有异常变化,肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、十二指肠、卵巢、睾丸等器官外观和组织切片均未发现实质性病理改变。最大无损害作用剂量大于5.0 g/kg,相当于人体推荐摄入量的300倍。结论在本实验剂量范围内,铁皮石斛原球茎为无毒、无遗传毒性、无致突变作用的新资源食品。

Objective To evaluate the toxicological security of dendrobium candidum protocorms （DPs）. Methods Acute tox- icity test, genetic toxicity test （Ames test, micronucleus test of bone marrow in mice, sperm shape abnormality test in mice） and ninety - day feeding test in rats were employed in this study according to the procedures of food toxicological assessment. Results The oral MTD in mice was more than 12.0 g/kg · bw, the results of Ames test, micronucieus test of born marrow in mice and sperm shape abnormality in mice were all negative. The ninety - day feeding test in rats demonstrated that there was no obvious toxic effects on growth and development, routine blood, biochemical index and VSI changes in rats, and no significant external appearance and pathological changes of various organs including liver, kidney, spleen, duodenum, ovary and testicle were discovered. The largest dose of this sample w^th no obvious adverse effects was 5.0 g/kg, equivalent to 300 times of the recommended amount for human body. Conclusion DPs is a kind of health food products without toxicity, genetic toxicity and mutagenicity within the scope of the test dose.