中国马铃薯主产区植地土壤养分初步评价

Assessment of Soil Nutrients in Main Potato Production Areas in China

本研究对中国马铃薯主产区的17个省(自治区)中90个市、县的130个土壤样本的有机质、全氮、速效氮、全磷、速效磷、全钾、速效钾、有效钙、有效镁、有效铁、有效锌、有效铜、有效锰进行分析,以对中国马铃薯主产区的土壤养分丰缺状况作出初步评价。结果表明:同一种营养元素在不同产区的含量相差很大;西南产区和东北产区土壤有机质含量丰富,西北产区和中原产区土壤有机质较为缺乏;西南产区氮含量丰富,西北产区和中原产区氮缺乏;东北产区、西北产区和中原产区磷缺乏;西南产区和西北产区钾缺乏。大部分产区土壤中有效钙含量都比较丰富,只有云南、四川、重庆的部分地区含量较低;有效镁的含量普遍较低;有效铁、锌、铜、锰含量都很丰富。

Soil organic matter, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, and manganese of 130 samples col ected from 90 cities and counties of 17 provinces （autonomous regions） in China, in this research, were determined and analyzed, just making a preliminary evaluation for the status of soil nutrients in main potato production areas in China. The nutrient content of the same element varies greatly in various regions. Organic matter is abundant in southwest and northeast regions, while lack in northwest and central plains regions. Nitrogen is abundant in southwest region while lack in northwest and central plains regions. Phosphorus is deficient in northeast, northwest and central plains regions. Potassium is deficient in southwest and northwest regions. Except for some areas in Yunnan, Sichuan and Chongqing provinces, the available calcium is relatively rich in most producing areas. In general, the available magnesium content is low; however, the available iron, zinc, copper and manganese contents are very rich.