基于GIS的前哨农场耕地地力评价

Evaluation of the Farmland Fertility of Qianshao Farm Based on GIS

准确地掌握区域耕地地力等级及其空间分布格局,对于提高耕地生产能力具有重要的参考价值。以黑龙江垦区的前哨农场为研究区,以耕地地块为评价单元,在GIS的支持下,应用层次分析法、模糊数学法、综合指数法定量评价了耕地地力,进而分析耕地地力空间地域分布特征与规律。结果表明:农场耕地地力划分为6个级别,旱地和水田都是三级地、四级地数量最多,呈现向五级地、二级地、六级地和一级地逐次减少的正态分布特征;大部分耕地的地力处于中上等水平,且水田地力水平略高于旱地;西南部的第一、第二和第九管理区土壤质地良好、养分丰富、管理措施得当,是该农场优质耕地的集中分布区域。

It is important reference value to control the characteristics of arable land fertility and spatial distribution pattern accurately for improving the production capacity of arable land. Heilongjiang reclamation area＇s Qianshao Farm was selected as the study area, the plots of land was put as evaluation units, and the quantitative valuation pro- cedure was realized by adopting analytical hierarchical process, fuzzy math, integrating indexes and by the support of GIS techniques. Then we further analyzed the overall characteristics of arable land fertility and spatial distribution of geographical and administrative area. The results showed that farmland fertility was divided into six levels, at the same time, the soil fertility both presented normal distribution characteristics with the third-class and the fourth class for the peak, and gradually reduced to the fifth-class, the second-class, the sixth-class and the first-class; the fertility of the most arable land was in the middle or upper levels, and paddy field fertility level was slightly higher than that of dry land fertility level because the paddy soil was in high quality and rich in nutrients as well as with proper man- agement; the first, the second and the ninth precincts are in the southwest of Qianshao Farm were the farm＇s high quality arable land concentrates.