基于资源消费的北京市生态足迹分析

The Ecological Footprint Analysis of Beijing Based on Resource Consumption

基于国内外相关研究理论与最新成果,对北京市2011年的生物资源、能源资源、水资源、建筑用地的生态足迹及生态承载力进行了分类测算和实证分析,并通过不同计算方法探究影响生态足迹结果的因素。结果表明,2011年北京市人均生态足迹和承载力分别为0.07ghm2/人和3.36ghm2/人,生态赤字高达-3.29ghm2/人,严重的亏损不利于可持续发展。建议严格控制人口数量,建立节约高效的生产消费体系,采用先进技术提高土地生态承载能力,并尽可能减少对周围地区生态环境负担的转移,形成自给自足的经济发展模式。

Based on the dynamics and latest achievements of ecological footprint analysis theory, the classi{ica tion, calculation and empirical analysis of ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity were carried out, including biological resources, energy resources, water resources, building land areas of Beijing in 2011. And different methods were used to study a thorough inquiry of factors affecting the results of ecologi- cal footprint. The results show that the per capita ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity were 0.07 ghm2/person and 3.36 ghm2/person respectively, leading ecological deficit up to --2.29 ghm2/person, which went against sustainable development. Suggestion contains strict controlling of population quantity, establishing a saving and efficient system of production and consumption, adopting advanced technology to improve the land ecological carrying capacity, minimizing the transfer of environmental burden to surround- ing area,and forming a self-sufficient mode of economy development.