精神分裂症患者应对方式、父母教养方式及防御方式的性别差异

Gender differences of coping styles,parental rearing patterns and defense styles in patients with schizophrenia

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者应对方式、父母教养方式及防御方式的性别差异。方法:采用应付方式问卷(CSQ)、父母教养方式问卷(EBMU)及防御方式问卷(DSQ)对96例男性与75例女性精神分裂症患者进行评估。结果:应付方式:男性患者使用幻想少于女性(F=2.77,P<0.05),使用自责、退避多于女性(F=3.76,F=2.76;P均<0.05)。父母教养方式:父亲对儿子采取拒绝否认大于女儿(F=4.82,P<0.01);母亲对儿子采取拒绝否认小于女儿(F=2.87,P<0.05)。防御方式:男性患者采用退缩、反作用形成、消耗倾向多于女性,采用幻想、躯体化、期望少于女性(P均<0.05)。结论:不同性别精神分裂症患者的应对方式、父母教养方式及防御方式不同,心理干预应有性别针对性。

Objective：To study the gender differences of coping styles,parental rearing patterns and defense styles in patients with schizophrenia.Method：The assessment of coping style questionnaire （CSQ）, parental rearing patterns questionnaire （EBMU） and the defense style questionnaire （DSQ） were completed in 96 male and 75 female patients with schizophrenia.Results：Coping style：compared to female,male patientshad less fantasy （F=2.77,P〈0.05） and more self-accusation and retreat in coping styles（F=3.76,F=2.76;all P〈0.05）.Parental rearing pattern： compared to treated to daughter, treated to son fathers had more rejection and deny （F=4.82,P〈0.01）;and mothers had less rejection and deny （F=2.87,P〈0.05）.Defense style：compared to female,male patients had more regression,reaction formation,consumption tendency and less fantasy,somatization and expectation in defense styles （all P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Different gender patients with schizophrenia had different coping styles,parental rearing patterns and defense styles.The psychological intervention should be gender-specific.