张仲景心系疾病用药规律研究

Research on Regular Pattern of Zhang Zhongjing′s Heart System Disease Medication

目的探究张仲景心系疾病的用药规律,以期更好地指导中医临床。方法将张仲景《伤寒杂病论》中的条文,按照心系统所涉及的疾病依次归类,统计心系用药的功效、四气、五味、归经、前15味药物。结果功效用药依次为:补虚药、解表药、利水渗湿药、化痰止咳平喘药、清热药、温里药、理气药、泻下药、活血化瘀药等。四气用药依次为:温、寒、平、热、凉。五味用药依次为:甘、辛、苦、咸、酸。归经用药依次为:心经、肺经、脾经、肝经、肾经。前15味药物依次为:甘草、桂枝、茯苓、大枣、生姜、半夏、人参、干姜、黄芩、白术、柴胡、枳实、芍药、瓜蒌、牡蛎、蜂蜜。结论张仲景用药灵活而严谨,就心系用药规律可概括为"调其荣卫,以扶其元,治从五脏,尤重心脾,燮理阴阳,慎用阴柔,注重扶阳,不惧强毒,补中兼通,温化痰湿"。

Objective： To investigate the rule of medication in order to give better instruction of TCM clinic practice. Methods： To classify the heart meridian diseases based on the content in Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases. Summarize the efficacy of using heart meridian medicines ,four properties ,five tastes, meridian tropism and top fifteen drugs. Results： The order of drug efficacy： tonic drugs,diaphoretic drugs,water and dampness-eliminating drugs,expectorant cough suppressant and anti-asthmatic drugs, antipyretics drugs,in- terior-warming drugs,qi-regulating drugs,diarrhea drugs,lnvigorating blood circulation and eliminating stasis drugs, and so on. In turns of four properties： warm, cold, neutral, and hot. In turns of five tastes： sweet, acrid, bit- ter,salty and sour. In turns of meridian tropism： heart meridian,lung meridian,spleen meridian,liver meridian and kidney meridian. The top fifteen drugs were Licorice, Cinnamon Twig, Poria,Ziziphi Fruit, Fresh Ginger,Pinellia, Ginseng, Dried Ginger, Scutellaria,Atractylodes Alba, Bupleurum,Auranti Immaturus,Peony,Snakegourd, Oyster Shell and Honey. Conclusion： Zhang Zhongjing is perfect in taking medicines. The rule of medication can be concluded as： to keep one＇s health should start the course of treatment from five viscera,especially heart and spleen,keep harmony between yin and yang,use cold drugs with caution,emphasize the importance of warm drugs, dare of using heavy toxin drugs ,reinforce deficiency and regulate vital energy at the same time, and reduce phlegm by warm drugs.