袁世凯与民初南北统一局面形成

Yuan Shikai and the North-south Reunification in the Early Republic of China

1912年1月1日南京临时政府成立,具有重要政治意义,然而时局复杂,满汉对立、边疆危机、列强窥伺,内忧外患加剧。在国家和民族危亡的关键时刻,列强为维护自身在华利益传出"非袁不能收拾"的信息,清政府不得不启用已经"开缺回籍"的袁世凯,南方同盟派也把希望寄托于袁世凯的反正。袁世凯手握国家政权和重兵,以安抚为主解决南北争端,促使清帝和平退位,维护了新生的中华民国,避免了国家冲突、民族撕裂和列强干涉。1912年9月"四巨头"会师北京,推出"八点共识",昭示了南北确已统一,中华民国确已建立。

On January 1, 1912, Nanjing temporary government was formed, which has important political significance. However, the domestic trouble and foreign invasion are intensified, such as sharp opposition between Manchu and Han, border crisis, foreign powers, and so on. At the critical moment of national and national peril, the foreign powers for their own interests in China sent out the information, ＂Nothing but Yuan Shikai＂. The Qing government had to reuse Yuan Shikai, who had been suspended, and the Southern Confederate also hoped Yuan Shikai to set things right. Holding the state power, Yuan Shikai adopted a conciliatory policy to settle the dispute between the Southern and Northern, with the abdication of the Qing emperor, maintaining the New Republic of China and avoiding the national conflict, ethnic tearing and foreign interference. In 1912 September, the ＂Four Characters＂ lunched the ＂Eight Common Views＂ in Beijing, declaring the unity of North and South and the establishment of the Republic of China.