兔髂骨种植瘤模型的建立与特性观察

Establishment and identification of a rabbit model of iliac implantation tumor

背景：骨肿瘤动物模型是骨肿瘤基础研究的重要工具，但现有模型的局限性导致其无法满足研究需要。 目的：构建兔髂骨种植瘤模型，并观察其基本特性。 方法：30只健康新西兰大白兔，分为实验组26只、对照组4只。外科无菌条件下，切取荷瘤兔VX2肿瘤，切成小块，种植于健康大白兔的双侧髂骨，分别于术前、术后1~6周观察动物的全身情况、体重及行为改变，行骨盆及肺部X线片及CT平扫检查，同时行髂骨手术部位、肺、肝、肾等脏器组织的病理检查。 结果：26只52侧肿瘤种植部位，50侧成瘤，成瘤率为96.1%。动物体重从术后第3周开始下降，除术后1~6周随机处理的18只动物，另8只自然死亡动物的术后存活期为30~49 d，平均40.3 d。X线片检查从第3周开始，CT平扫检查从第2周开始，均可见髂骨溶骨性破坏表现；CT平扫检查从第3周可见明显软组织包块，第5周可见明显的肺部肿瘤转移征象。病理检查发现肿瘤从第2周开始侵及骨外肌肉，第3周出现肺转移。 结论：兔髂骨种植瘤模型具有成瘤率高、操作简单、影像学特征典型、与人类骨肿瘤相似度较高等优点，可用于骨肿瘤外科治疗、影像学检查等基础研究。

Background：Animal bone tumor model is a very important tool in the basic study of bone tumor, however, the present ani-mal models could not meed all the need of research because of their defect. 〈br〉 Objective：To establish a model of iliac implantation tumor in New Zealand white rabbit and to study its biological charac-teristics. 〈br〉 Methods：Thirty health New Zealand white rabbits was divided into experimental group （26 rabbits） and control group （4 rabbits）. The tumor was obtained from VX2 tumor bearing rabbit and minced into pieces, then transplanted in the both side ilium of other rabbits. The general condition, weight and behavior of the rabbits were recorded before and after the surgery every week, meanwhile, X ray and CT scan of the pelvis and chest, pathological examination of the ilium, lung, liver, kid-ney were applied to characterize the tumor. 〈br〉 Results：Of all the 52 ilium of 26 rabbits in which tumor were implanted, 50 ilium developed with tumor, the tumor forma-tion rate was 96.1%. Rabbits lost weight from the third week after inoculation, the average survival time was 40.3 days. Os-teolytic lesion was detected on second week with CT scan, and on the third week with X-ray, while soft tissue masses and lung metastasis were found since the third and the fifth week by CT scan, respectively. Under the microscope, tumor inva-sion to extraskeletal muscle was found on the second week, while lung metastasis on the third week. 〈br〉 Conclusions： The iliac implantation tumor of New Zealand white rabbit model in the study shows high tumor formation rate, simple operation, and typical imaging features which is quite similar to human bone tumor. Hence, it can be potentially used for study of surgical treatment and imaging examination for bone tumor.