华北五省区日光温室微气候环境调查与评价

Investigation and Assessment on Microclimate Environment of Solar Greenhouse in North China

连续两年对华北五省区（北京、天津、河北、山东、山西）日光温室的微气候进行测试,经分析对比,选用日平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温、夜间日平均气温、夜间室内外日平均温差、日最低气温≤8℃的日数、白昼相对湿度和夜间相对湿度8个指标来分析评价日光温室的热环境性能,并明确给出各指标的定义.结果表明：8项指标可真实反映日光温室的热性能状况.华北地区日光温室室内日平均气温为10 ～ 15℃,日最高气温20～30℃,日最低气温5～10℃,夜间平均气温5～ 10℃,夜间室内外温差15～20℃,白昼相对湿度60％～80％,夜间相对湿度99％.华北地区室内高湿及夜间温度偏低问题仍十分突出.综合各项指标,山东日光温室的室内环境性能相对较优.研究结果对了解华北地区各类典型日光温室环境性能并确定统一的温室热环境评价指标,增强不同地区温室间热性能的可比性具有实际意义.

Micro-climate of solar greenhouses in five provinces （ Beijing, Tianjin, Hebel, 5handong, ~hanxl ） ot north China were monitored for two years. Eight indices were selected and defined to analyze and assess the solar greenhouse environment performance, which were daily mean temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature, night daily mean temperature, daily mean temperature difference at night, days number of daily minimum temperature ≤8℃, day relative humidity, and night relative humidity. The results showed that 8 indices above could reflect the solar greenhouse thermal performance factually in north China. The daily mean temperature was 10 - 15℃, daily maximum temperature was 20 -30℃, daily minimum temperature was 5 -10℃ ,night daily mean temperature was 5- 10℃, daily mean temperature difference at night was 15 -20℃, day relative humidity was 600/0 -80%, night relative humidity was 99%. According to the indices above, the high relative humidity indoor and low temperature at night was still serious, the environment performance of solar greenhouse in Shandong was the best. The research results had practical significance for realizing uniform assessment indices for solar greenhouses. the environment performances solar greenhouses in north China, determining greenhouse thermal environment, and enhancing the comparability between