注意缺陷多动障碍儿童平衡功能与注意力的相关性研究

The study of correlation between balance function and attention of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的 探索注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童的平衡功能与注意力之间的相关性,指导临床干预和训练ADHD.方法 采用Sunlight公司生产的Tetrax平衡仪,对124例6.0～ 14岁ADHD儿童及对照组进行平衡功能测试,同时采用持续操作性测试（CPT）评估儿童注意力情况,分析平衡功能与注意力的相关性.结果 （1）ADHD儿童平衡功能与正常儿童有差异.小学低年级组ADHD儿童在F1、F2-F4和F5-F6频段的傅立叶参数数值明显高于正常对照组（P＜0.05）；小学高年级组ADHD儿童在F2-F4和F5-F6频段的傅立叶参数数值高于对照组（P＜0.05）；初中组ADHD儿童在四个频段的傅立叶参数与正常对照组无统计学差异.（2）ADHD儿童平衡功能与注意力的相关性：小学低年级ADHD儿童综合注意力商数与F2-F4、F5-F6、F7-F8存在负相关（P=0.018,0.009,0.010;rs=-0.146,-0.203,-0.189）,视觉注意力商数与F1、F2-F4、F7-F8存在负相关（P=0.043,0.039,0.046;rs=-0.062,-0.071,-0.112）；小学高年级ADHD儿童综合注意力商数与F5-F6、F7-F8存在负相关（P=0.015,0.033;rs=-0.217,-0.172）,视觉注意力商数与F1、F7-F8存在负相关（P=0.037,0.045；rs=-0.051,-0.101）；初中组ADHD儿童视觉注意力商数与F7-F8存在负相关（P=0.038；rs=-0.114）.结论 ADHD儿童的平衡功能比正常儿童差,ADHD儿童平衡功能逐渐发育成熟；ADHD儿童平衡功能与注意力（尤其是视觉注意力）存在内在联系.

Objective To study the relationship between balance function and attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）,and guide the clinical intervention and training of ADHD.Methods The Tetrax balance system and the CPT were conducted among 124 ADHD children （age 6.0-14 years） and the normal controls.Results （1） The balance function was different between ADHD and normal controls.In junior grade of elementary school,the Fourier score of ADHD children was significantly higher than that of the normal control group in F1,F2-F4 and F5-F6 （P＜0.05）.In senior grade of elementary school,the Fourier score of ADHD children was significantly higher than normal controls in F2-F4 and F5-F6 （P＜ 0.05）.There was no significant difference between ADHD and normal controls in junior high school.（2） There was correlation between balance function and attention in children with ADHD.In junior grade of elementary school,the full scale attention quotient was negatively correlated with F2-4,F5-6,F7-8 （P=0.018,0.009,0.010; rs =-0.146,-0.203,-0.189）,and the visual attention quotient were negatively correlated with F1,F2-4,F7-8 （P =0.043,0.039,0.046 ; r s =-0.062,-0.071,-0.112）.In senior grade of elementary school,the full scale attention quotient was negatively correlated with F5-6,F7-8 （P=0.015,0.033; rs =-0.217,-0.172）,and the visual attention quotient were negatively correlated with F1,F7-8（P=0.037,0.045; rs =-0.051,-0.101）.In junior high school,the negative correlation was existed between the visual attention quotient with F7-8 （P=0.038,r s =-0.114）.Conclusion ADHD children have deficit balance.The balance function of ADHD children matures gradually.There is internal connection between balance and attention,especially for visual attention.