国外高速铁路空间经济效应研究进展及启示

PROGRESS OF OVERSEAS STUDIES ON SPATIAL ECONOMIC EFFECT OF HIGH SPEED RAIL AND ITS IMPLICATIONS

国外高铁建设起步较早,发展相对成熟,而国内的相关研究则严重落后于建设实践。在对国外大量文献进行梳理的基础上,以高铁诱发的空间经济效应为切入点,将国外评估高铁空间经济效应的理论与方法归纳为成本—效益、新经济地理学、可达性、可计算一般均衡与Logit离散选择模型五类,认为从研究内容与方法等方面来看,国外的研究主要围绕着多维空间尺度效应、受影响的经济部门、站点周围土地利用形式、与其他交通方式之间关系以及总体效应等方面。最后指出可从实地调查、案例对比及综合研究等方面强化国内的相关研究。

While Chinese high speed rail （HSR） has just started to develop in recent years, the construction speed of HSR is so rapidly. Meanwhile, compared to the unprecedented construction speed of HSR, the rele- vant theoretical and empirical researches in China are relatively weak. Therefore, it is necessary to study the spatial economic effect of HSR, especially when China is entering into the new era of high speed rail. Based on classifying and analyzing extensive foreign surveys, this paper takes the spatial economic effect induced by HSR as the starting point, and classifies the relative theories and models of accessing the spatial econom- ic effect as cost-benefit analysis, new economic geography theory, accessibility, computable general equilibri- um model and Logit discrete choice model, and demonstrates the overseas studies have been relatively ma- ture in relation to the studying purpose, scale, methods, objects and subjects. Specifically, from studying pur- pose＇s perspective, the overseas researches give priority to both spatial efficiency and spatial equity.The studying methods are diversified, including not only the traditional methods, such as making use of accessi- bility method, but also paying attention to some new theories and methods, such as new economic geography theory and spatial econometrics. The foreign studying objects are also diversified, including connecting be- tween developed regions, developed regions and less developed regions, and less developed regions. Consid- ering the overseas studying subjects, the multi-disciplinary scholars, majoring in economic geography, trans- portation and city planning, have devoted to engaging in studying the spatial economic effect of HSR. In the end, we put forward some implications for accessing the spatial economic effect of HSR in China.