成语仿拟的语用条件及策划

Pragmatic Conditions and Planning of Idiom Parody

仿拟识解是一个基于仿点和本体的明示—推理过程。成语仿拟的(可)接受度及新奇度跟仿点与本体的融合度有关。文章发现:本体与仿点相互作用并形成反比关系:本体对仿点的同化程度越高,仿拟接受度越高,但新奇度越低,语用标记值也越低;反之,当仿点对本体异化作用越大则仿拟的标记值越高,新奇度也越高,但接受度可能越低。同化或异化都基于仿拟者的社会心理、情感—词汇象似性以及成语本体编码的情感因素。据此,文章提出5条良构性成语仿拟的语用条件,认为仿点与本体应以情感为基础维持接受度与新奇度间的切当张力。

The construal of parody is a process of ostensive-inferential communication in light of Parodic Term （PT） and Source Term （ST）. The acceptability and novelty of an idiom parody largely depend on the assimilation of PT and ST. It is found that the two parts form an inverse relation by interaction. If ST largely assimilates PT, the parody will be readily acceptable whilst the novelty and pragmatic markedness value （PMV） will be low; if, on the contrary, the PT largely dissimilates ST, the parody will have as high a PMV as it is novel： enjoying a PMV as high as its （acquired） novelty, resulting in its low acceptability nonetheless. The inter-assimilatian or inter-dissimilation should take full consideration of the readers＇ social psychology, affect-lexicon iconicity and the idiom-coded affect. Accordingly, we come up with five pragmatic conditions for a well-formed idiom parody, holding that ST and TP, affect-based, should maintain the proper tension of novelty and acceptability.