渭河流域产流产沙模型及径流泥沙变化原因分析

Analysis on Causes of Runoff and Sediment Variation in Weihe Basin Based on Hydrological Model

考虑渭河水沙变化特性 ,根据水量平衡原理及产沙机制 ,应用天然时期的气象、水文资料建立了渭河产流产沙模型 ;采用水文模拟途径外延了人类活动影响期间的天然径流、泥沙过程 ,进而分析了渭河水沙变化原因。结果表明 :1970～ 1995年 ,渭河华县站年均径流、泥沙量较前期分别减少 2 5.9亿 m3和 1.11亿 t,其中 58.3%和 55.7%是由人类活动影响所致 。

According to the mechanism of runoff and sediment yielding in Weihe basin, monthly hydrological model was established. And then, causes of runoff and sediment variation were analyzed using hydrological simulation method. The results showed that annual runoff and sediment in 1970~1995 decreased 25.9×10 8m 3 and 1.11×10 8t respectively compared to that in prior period, and the impact of human activities on water and sediment is about 58.3% and 55.7%. Human activities are main causes of runoff and sediment decrease in recent years.