施肥结构对砂质潮土中微量营养元素空间变化的影响

Effects of fertilization structures on spatial variation of exchangeable Ca and Mg and available S, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Fe

本文通过长期定位施肥试验 ,分析了不同施肥结构对砂质潮土交换性钙、镁及有效硫、锌、锰、铜、铁等在 0～ 1 2 0cm土体中空间分布变化的影响 .结果表明 ,磷肥明显提高土壤交换性钙的含量 ,而有机肥与氮肥对土壤钙含量无明显影响 .但有机肥显著增加土壤交换性镁含量 ,各层镁含量与有机肥用量呈显著或极显著正相关 ,磷肥同样对土壤镁有提高作用 ,但氮肥无论是否与有机肥配施均降低了土壤各层交换性镁含量 .土壤 0～ 4 0cm有效锌、锰、铁均随有机肥增加而增加 ,并与有机肥用量呈极显著正相关 .而化肥无论是否与有机肥配施均降低土壤有效锌含量 ,但却增加了有效铁含量 .氮肥单施降低土壤有效锰含量 .在无有机肥情况下 ,施磷提高土壤有效铁含量 ,而在施有机肥条件下磷肥则降低耕层有效铁含量 .

We investigated the effects of different fertilization structures on the changes in exchangeable Ca and Mg and available S, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Fe on the base of long-term fertilizer experiments. The results showed that P fertilizer increased the exchangeable Ca and Mn contents of the soil, while organic manure and nitrogen fertilizers influenced the Ca and Mg contents differently. All available Zn, Mn, and Fe increased in 0-40cm with increasing manure application. Mere application of nitrogen or phosphorous fertilizer reduced soil available Zn, but increased soil available Fe regardless of manure application.