中国古代新闻业的价值取向

Value Orientation of Chinese Ancient Journalism

中国漫长的古代新闻传播事业,形成了一系列较为独特的价值取向,服务政治统治是其核心,工具性是其衍生价值,在传播中追求客观、秩序和可控的效果。在这些价值要素的影响下,中国古代新闻业表现出独有特征,如政治新闻是主流,新闻具有泛政治化倾向,舆论被隐晦地表达,只关注国内事务,特殊的监督批评官员的方式,官文书性的文本文风特点以及官报占据统治地位等。这些价值取向,不论是否正面,或多或少影响了中国现代新闻事业。

A series of unique news values, which pursues objective, ordered and controllable communication effects, has been developed during the long history of ancient Chinese journalism. Serving political reign is the core of these value orientations, and instrumentality is their derivative value. Under the influence of these elements of value, ancient Chinese journalism reflects its distinctive features, such as taking political news as the mainstream, only concerning about domestic affairs, the pan-political tendency of news, the implicit expression of public opinions, the special way of supervising and criticizing officials, the writing style of officialese and the dominance of official newspapers. Whether positive or not, these news values have more or less impacted modern Chinese journalism and communication.