落叶松林地土壤含水量和土壤养分特征分析

Analysis of the influence of dahurian larch on the soil moisture and soil nutrients

落叶松为松科落叶松属的落叶乔木，是我国东北、内蒙古林区以及华北、西南高山针叶林的主要森林组成树种。试验采用混合采样法，采集金沟屯林场不同林班的土样，对其土壤水分及土壤养分的含量进行分析。研究结果表明：落叶松有林地的土壤含水量（14．98％～18．75％）、有机质（19．0234～22．6999g／kg）、全氮（0．8350～0．9558g／kg）、全磷（0．3618～0．3988g／kg）、全钾（13．4389～14．0865g／kg）、碱解氮（82．2826～86．3147mg／kg）、速效磷（8．841O～9．7346mg／kg）、速效钾（170．0350-303．5020mg／kg）的含量均高于无林地的土壤含水量（10．20％～12．13％）、有机质（13．6614～16．8208g／kg）、全氮（0．4480～0．5040g／kg）、全磷（0．3388～0．3753g／kg）、全钾（11．9508～12．9810g／kg）、碱解氮（69．4000～72．0350mg／kg）、速效磷（5．839O～6．2873mg／kg）、速效钾（100．1399～206．9860mg／kg）的含量，这说明落叶松对土壤有着较好的涵养水源、保持水土的作用。

Larix gmelinii Carr. as one of pinaceae larix deciduous trees is the main forest alpine co- niferous tree species in the forest areas of Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, North China, and Southwest China This paper adopted the profile sampling method to collect the soil samples from different quartel of Jingoutun, and analyzed their soil moisture and soil nutrient content. The result showed that the soil water content （14.98%-18.75%）, organic matter （19. 023 4-22. 699 9 g/ kg）, total nitrogen （0. 835 0-0. 955 8 g/kg）, total phosphorus （0. 361 8-0. 398 8 g/kg）, total potassium （13. 438 9-14. 086 5 g/kg）, alkali solution nitrogen （82.282 6-86. 314 7 mg/kg）, a- vailable phosphorus （8. 841 0-9. 734 6 mg/kg）, and available potassium （170. 035 0-303. 502 0 mg/kg） in Larix gmelinii Carr. forestland were all higher than those in non forest land soil with water content of 10.20-12.13%, organic matter of 13.661 4--16.820 8 g/kg , total nitrogen of 0. 448 0-0. 504 0 g/kg, total phosphorus of 0. 338 840. 375 3 g/kg, total potassium of 11. 950 8 -12.981 0 g/kg, alkali solution nitrogen of 69.400 0-72.035 0 mg/kg, available phosphorus of 5. 839 0-6.287 3 mg/kg, and available potassium of 100. 139 9-206. 986 0 mg/kg. Therefore, Larix gmelinii Cart. has better soil water conservation, and soil and water maintenance, providing theoretical basis for the application of Larix gmelinii Carr. on the forest farm.