虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)、溪红点鲑(Salvelinus fontinalus)及杂交种(虹鳟♀×溪红点鲑♂)血清蛋白多态性的研究

POLYMORPHISM OF SERUM PROTEIN OF RAINBOW TROUT, BROOK TROUT, AND THEIR HYBRIDS [RAINBOW TROUT(♀)×BROOK TROUT(♂)] BY NATIVE POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS

利用非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法,对虹鳟、溪红点鲑及杂交种(虹鳟♀×溪红点鲑♂)的进行了血液蛋白多态性研究,计算了各座位的基因频率、基因纯合度和Shannon信息指数,并探讨了群体间的亲缘关系和遗传距离。结果表明:(1)3个种群在α球蛋白、β1球蛋白、γ-球蛋白、前白蛋白和白蛋白5个座位上的遗传差异较大,血清蛋白座位的优势基因在不同群体中有不同的频率;(2)杂交种中出现部分双亲特异条带,表明杂交种整合了虹鳟♀和溪红点鲑♂的遗传信息,属两性融合生殖,是真正意义上的杂交种。(3)杂交种与虹鳟和溪红点鲑的遗传相似性系数分别为0.718和0.575,遗传距离分别为0.332和0.554,表明杂交种与两亲本的遗传差异不是对等的,而是偏向母本一方,U PGMA系统树也同样证明了这一点。

With native poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis, we analyzed the polymorphism of the serum proteins for three populations： rainbow trout, brook trout, and the hybrid [rainbow trout （♀）×brook trout （♂）]. The genotype frequencies, genetic homozygosity and Shannon＇s information index were calculated and the relationship and genetic distances of three populations were explored. The results revealed large difference in five serum protein （？-globulin, ？1-globulin, ？-globulin, prealbumin, and albumin） seats, and different frequencies in the dominant gene of the seats in the three populations. In addition, hybrids showed particular bands integrated from genetic information of the parents. Bisexual reproduction was found and they were indeed hybrids in geneticm aterial. The hybrid had a relative genetic similarity of 0.718 and 0.575, in genetic distance of 0.332 and 0.554 from rainbow trout and brook trout, respectively, showing more intimacy to the maternal side, which gains support from UPGMA tree additionally.