农村公共物品供给模式与地区间供给差距研究——对税费改革前后相关调查数据的统计分析

The Supply Modes and Regional Disparity of Rural Public Goods ——An Statistic Analysis of the Survey Data before and after the Rural Tax&Fee Reform

农村公共物品供给模式差异是农村公共服务地区差距的本质体现。运用对江苏、四川、河北、吉林和陕西等五省100个行政村的跟踪调查数据,测算农村税费改革前后农村公共物品供给及其不同供给模式的"基尼系数"。结果发现:自税费改革实施以来,农村公共物品供给的地区差距逐步缩小,政府供给模式具有向贫困地区倾斜、缩小地区差距的效应,村庄自我供给模式具有明显的扩大地区差距的效应,"政府+村庄"联合供给模式具有持续增强扩大地区差距的效应。

The supply mode difference of rural public goods essentially embodies the regional disparity of rural public services. The tracking survey data from 100 administrative villages in the provinces of Jiangsu, Sichuan, Hebei, Jilin and Shaanxi are used to measure and calculate the gini coefficient of the rural public goods supply and that of its different modes before and after the rural tax-fee reform was carried out. The results show that the regional disparity has been narrowing steadily since the rural tax＆fee reform was carried out; the government supply mode has produced the effect of inclining to impoverished areas and narrowing the regional disparity; the village self-supply mode has obviously expanded the regional disparity; and the joint supply mode of government and village has kept the regional disparity expanding in some degree.