花后高温胁迫对春小麦光合指标的影响

Impacts of the high temperature stress after the flowering period on the photosynthesis index of spring wheat

在盆栽条件下研究花后高温对春小麦光合指标的影响.结果表明：高温胁迫对春小麦的光合速率、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度影响显著.高温胁迫下，宁春4号与宁春47号旗叶光合速率较对照平均下降15.7%~44.7%，蒸腾速率有所降低，气孔导度下降显著，下降幅度达19.5%~43.6%.说明高温胁迫使春小麦叶片气孔关闭，光合速率降低；花后高温胁迫对春小麦水分利用率也有显著影响，宁春4号与宁春47号的水分利用率较对照下降13.26%~23.4%，影响小麦籽粒灌浆；宁春4号千粒质量下降19.91%，宁春47号千粒质量下降25.09%，产量明显降低.生产上，应采取相应的栽培措施来缓解小麦花后高温对籽粒灌浆的影响，以提高春麦区的小麦单产.

In the middle and later periods of the northwestern spring wheat, high temperature had a great influence on grain weight and yield. This study under the condition of potted flowers after high temperature on the influence of spring wheat photosynthetic indexes. The results show that high temperature stress on spring wheat of photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency （WUE）, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO 2 concentration effect is remarkable. Under high temperature stress with Ningchun 4 and Ningchun 47 flag leaf photosynthetic rate compared with CK average decline of 15.7%~15.7%, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance decreased significantly, decreased 19.5%~43.6%. That high temperature stress make spring wheat leaf stomatal closure, photosynthetic rate decreased; Flowers after high temperature stress on water use efficiency also has a significant impact on spring wheat, Ningchun 4 and Ningchun 47 WUE down 13.26% to 23.4% compared with CK, affect the grain grouting, Ningchun 4 grains fell by 19.91%, NingChun 47 grains fell by 25.09%, yield decreased obviously. Production, the corresponding cultivation measures should be taken to relieve the wheat flower after high temperature influence on the grain filling, to enhance the yield of spring wheat.