索尔仁尼琴的历史观念与写作

Solzhenitsyn's View of History and His Writing

作为俄罗斯20世纪灾难性历史的见证者,索尔仁尼琴着意在文学创作中挑战主流历史叙事,表达自己关于历史的不同看法。他通过多声部结构来呈现历史的非理性与不确定性;但同时,他又并不赞同人们因此而堕入极端的相对主义与虚无主义。其笔下人物在历史重压下始终保持着进行选择的内在自由,并且不断探讨着根据某些基本价值内核来对各种选择进行评判的可能。索尔仁尼琴的历史观念也决定性地影响了他在作品中对俄罗斯未来道路的构想。

As a witness of the disastrous history of Russia in the 20th century,Solzhenitsyn challenges those dominant historical narratives and expresses his different view of history.He manages to present the irrationality and indeterminacy of history with a polyphonic structure.However,he does not want to lead people to extreme relativism or nihilism.The characters in his works keep inner freedom to make a choice even under the enormous pressure of history,and they discuss constantly the possibility of judging various choices according to certain core values.