2010年中国老年人业余锻炼及静态行为调查

Leisure-time physical exercise and sedentary behavior among Chinese elderly, in 2010

目的了解中国≥60岁老年人业余锻炼及静态行为。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法在全国疾病监测点系统及新疆生产建设兵团农二师，利用包含全球身体活动问卷（GPAQ）的调查问卷，通过面对面调查收集≥18岁成年人慢性非传染性疾病（慢病）相关危险因素及业余时间中、高强度休闲性身体活动的频率和持续时间等身体活动信息。本研究利用其中15193名≥60岁调查对象的信息，对老年人业余锻炼及静态行为进行分析。对样本进行复杂加权后，计算从不锻炼率、每周参与至少3d且每天至少30min中等强度或相当量活动比例（经常锻炼率）和每周参与至少5d且每天至少30min中等强度或相当量活动比例（积极锻炼率）以及总静态行为时间等指标。结果中国≥60岁老年人从不锻炼率为85．4％（95％CI：83．5％。87_3％），经常锻炼率为12．0％（95％CI：10．0％～13．1％），积极锻炼率为9．9％（95％CI：8．5％～11.3％）。其中城市人群经常锻炼率（23．8％，95％CI：20．7％～26．9％）和积极锻炼率（20．5％，95％CI：17．9％～23．1％）均明显高于农村。随教育水平、家庭经济收入增加，老年人经常锻炼率和积极锻炼率均上升，各组间差异有统计学意义。老年人平均每日总静态行为时间为4．2（95％CI：4．1～4．4）h，平均每日看电视时间为105．1（95％CI：100．6～109．6）min。城市地区、教育水平及家庭经济收入均较高的老年人，每日总静态行为和看电视时间均更长，差异有统计学意义。结论中国老年人业余时问参与锻炼的水平较低，尤其是农村地区老年人的锻炼情况更值得关注。

Objective To describe the prevalence of leisure-time physical exercise and sedentary behavior among Chinese elderly. Methods A face-to-face questionnaire survey was carried out in Disease Surveillance Points System （DSPs） and Nonger county in Xinjiang autonomous region to collect information on non-communicable diseases related risk factors. Information on frequency and duration of leisure-time moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity physical activity was collected by Global Physical Activity Questionnaire （GPAQ）. Multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select individuals aged 18 and over to be interviewed. A total of 15 193 individuals aged 60 and over were included in the analysis. Sample was weighted to represent the population of Chinese elderly. We analyzed the percentages of those who did not engage in leisure-time moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity physical activity, those who engaging in leisure-time moderate-intensity at least 30 minutes per day and at least three days per week or equivalent （regular exercise） and those who engaged in leisure-time moderate-intensity at least 30 minutes per day and at least five days per week or equivalent （active exercise）. Sedentary time and time spending on watching television were also analyzed. Results Percentage of those who did not engage in leisure-time physical activity was 85.4% （95% CI： 83.5%-87.3% ） among Chinese elderly. Chinese elderly exhibited low prevalence of leisure-time activity with 12.0% （95%CI： 10.0%-13.1%） for regular exercise and with 9.9% （95%Ch 8.5%-I 1.3% ） for active exercise. Elderly living in urban areas engaged more regular exercise （23.8%, 95%Ch 20.7%-26.9%） or active exercise （20.5%, 95%Ch 17.9%-23.1%） than those living in ruralareas （P〈0.05）. Elderly with higher education or higher household income exhibited higher prevalence of leisure-time physical activity when compared to those with lower education or lower income （P〈 0.05 ）. Furthermore, Chinese elderly spent 4.2 hours （95% CI： 4.1-4.4 hours） per day in sedentary behaviors and 105.1 minutes （95%CI： 100.6-109.6 minutes） per day in watching television （P〈0.05）. Those living in urban areas, with higher education or higher household income would spend more time in sedentary behaviors or watching television, compared to those living in rural areas, with lower education or lower income （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Low prevalence in leisure-time physical exercise appeared in the Chinese elderlv, esneciallv in those living in the rural areas.