不同基质对美丽梧桐种子育苗的影响

Effects of Different Substrates on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Firmiana pulcherrima Hsue

以美丽梧桐(Firmiana pulcherrima Hsue)的种子为材料,分别选用河沙、壤土、椰糠、河沙+壤土(1∶1)、河沙+椰糠(1∶1)、壤土+椰糠(1∶1)、壤土+椰糠+河沙(1∶1∶1)为基质,研究它们对美丽梧桐种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,以河沙为基质时,美丽梧桐种子的发芽率和发芽势最高,分别为55.6%和66.7%,但成苗率低,株高和根系生长受到抑制;以壤土为基质,美丽梧桐种子的发芽率和发芽势最低;以椰糠为基质,美丽梧桐成苗率高达61.1%。将河沙:椰糠:壤土按比例(1∶1∶1)混合后,美丽梧桐种子的发芽率、发芽势和成苗率均达到最优,株高和根系的生长状况良好,因此,河沙、椰糠、壤土按1∶1∶1比例混合可作为美丽梧桐种子最佳育苗基质。

Firmiana pulcherrima Hsue is a plant of genus Erythropsis in family Sterculiaceae, and it is of high or- namental value for landscaping in urban garden and greening. F. pulcherrima Hsue was cultured on seven differ- ent substrates： sand, loam, coconut coir, sand ＋ loam（ 1 ： 1 ）, sand ＋ coconut coir （ 1 ： 1 ）, loam ＋ coconut coir （ 1 ： 1 ） sand ＋ loam ＋ coconut coir（ 1 ： 1 ： 1 ） to investigate the influence of the substrates on the seed ger- mination and seeding growth of F. pulcherrima Hsue for selection of optimum substrate for F. pulcherrima Hsue. The results showed seeds cultured on the sand gave and 66.7%, respectively, but had a lower seedling a germination rate and a germination vigor of up to 55.6% survival rate with retarded seedling height and root growth; that the loam treatment gave the lowest seed germination rate and germination vigor; that the coconut coir treat- merit improved the seedling survival （as high as 61.1% ）, and that the mixed substrate sand ＋ loam ＋ coconut coir（ 1 ： 1 ： 1 ） had optimum seed germination rate and vigor and and well-developed roots. It is concluded that the mixed substrate cherrima Hsue. seedling growth rate with high seedling height is optimum for culture of seedlings of F. pulcherrima Hsue.