中美大学生性别角色发展的比较及其启示

The Comparison between the Undergraduates' Gender Role of China and America and It's Inspiration

将对美国高校200多名学生性别角色的调查结果与新近中国大学生性别角色常模结果对比分析发现:美国大学生性别角色分布中,双性化比例远高于中国大学生,未分化比例远低于中国大学生,性别角色发展更优;中美男大学生性别角色无显著差异,中国女大学生性别角色发展比美国女大学生差,尤其是理科女大学生,性别角色倒错现象严重;美国大学生性别角色发展无年级差异,大一学生性别角色发展已趋于成熟,中国大学生性别角色随年级升高向优化方向发展,大学阶段是他们性别角色发展的重要时期;中国大学生性别角色深受父母教养方式影响,而美国不同父母教养方式并未引起孩子性别角色的差异。

Employing the English translation version of CSRI-50, it surveyed 200 under- graduates in America, and comparing the result with the norm result of Chinese college students＇ gender role, it found that the proportion of androgyny distribution of American students was more higher than that of Chinese students, while the proportion of undifferen- tiation in America was deeply lower than that of China. Then, American students＇ gender role development was better than that of China. There was no significant gender role differ- ence between American boy students and Chinese boy students; while Chinese girl students were worse than American girl students on the sex role development, especially the girl students majored in science and technology who suffered a lot on sex reversal. There was no big difference between higher grade students and lower grade students for the Americans, and all of them were tending to be mature in grade one. It was an important period for Chinese students on sex role development when they were on campus, and it became better and better with their grades going up. The parenting styles showed great influences on the Chinese students＇ sex role while it did less on the Americans＇.