牛心朴子内生真菌分离及其抑菌活性分析

Isolation and Microbial Inhibition Activity of Endophytic Fungus from Cynanchum komarovii

为了解荒漠植物牛心朴子(Cynanchum komarovii)内生真菌多样性及其抑菌活性特征,通过组织块法分离其内生真菌,并选择5种植物病原真菌和4种人体病原细菌作为指示菌测定抑菌活性。结果表明:分离的25株内生真菌以茎部最多,根部次之,叶部最少,经形态学初步鉴定归于2目3科11属,曲霉属(Aspergillus)为优势菌属;84%的分离菌株对2种以上病原真菌,以及60%的分离菌株对1种以上病原细菌有不同程度的拮抗作用,2株高活性菌株CKEFL003和CKEFS001对多种病原菌拮抗作用明显,均为曲霉属。牛心朴子内生真菌在根茎叶组织器官中数量分布存在差异,种群构成具有多样性特征,对植物和人体病原菌具有不同程度的拮抗作用,抑菌资源较为丰富,高活性菌株为曲霉属,抗菌谱较宽。

To understand the diversity and microbial inhibition activities of endophytic fungi from desert plant, endophytic fungi were isolated from the root, stem and leaf of Cynanchum komarovii by tissue inoc ulation culture. The microbial inhibition activities of the endophytic fungi were tested using five pathogenic fungi strains and four pathogenic bacteria strains as indicators. Results indicated that twenty-five fungal endophytic strains were isolated and most of them were from stem. The isolated strains belonged to eleven genera, three families and two orders based on morphological characteristics. The 84.0 % strains of total i- solates had inhibitory activities against two or more tested fungal pathogens, and 60.0 % strains had inhib itory activities against one or more tested pathogenic bacteria. Two strains were identified as AspergiHus, having obvious inhibitory activities against tested pathogens. The distribution of endophytes had signifi cant difference among the root, stem and leaf of Cynanchum komarovii. The population of the isolates had the characteristics of diversity with different inhibition activities showing the abundant resources of patho genic inhibition. The two strong active strains of Aspergillus had relatively broad inhibition spectrum.