从宁波方言看汉语的话题结构

A View of the Topic Structures of Chinese from Ningbo Dialect

文章从界定话题概念入手,考察了宁波方言话题结构的特点和具体表现形式,并进一步分析了宁波方言话题结构在句中的位置和数量问题。认为话题属于语用范畴,宁波方言的话题倾向于已知信息,但也不排除新信息;话题可以是有定的,也可以是无定的;话题中还可以包含话题焦点。宁波方言的话题结构在句中的位置不限于句首,亦可在句中;句中话题结构的数量可以不拘泥于一个,可以多个。

By defining the concept of topic, this paper examines the characteristics and specific forms of the topic structure in Ningbo dialect, and analyzes the position and the number of topic structures in sentences of Ningbo dialect. Topic in Ningbo dialect belongs to the category of pragmatics. A topic may be known information or new information. It may be definite or indefinite. A topic can include a focus of the topic. A topic structure may be at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence. A sentence can have one or more topic structures.