烟草与罗勒科间远缘杂交育种的研究

Study on Distant Hybridization between Tobacco and Coimum bailicm L

利用烟草与药用植物罗勒进行科间远缘杂交,以期培育出含医药成分的新型烟草,以缓解吸烟与健康的矛盾.采用无性与有性杂交相结合的方法,克服其杂交不孕问题.经酶谱测定,杂种稳定品系含有亲本药用植物的遗传物质;镜检（F1～F18）细胞染色体呈杂合状态;经医药成分鉴定均含有药用植物亲本中相应的医药成分,并产生了新的医药成分;烟叶评吸具有药物香气.化学成分测定结果表明,罗勒烟具有低糖,中、高烟碱含量的特点.经卷烟企业验证其可用性,具有较高的应用价值.

The distant hybridization between tobacco and medical plants such as Coimum bailicm L is expected to breed a new-type of tobacco which contains medical ingredients so as to alleviate the adverse effects of smoking.In this study,the hybridization method of combining the asexuality with sexuality is used to cure the infertility.The results show that by the measurement of zymogram,the stable strain of the hybrid contains genetic materials from the parental medical plants.By means of the microscope detection,（F1 ～ F18）cell chromosome takes on heterozygosis.By determination of the medical ingredients,all stable strains contain corresponding medical ingredients which are from the parental medical plants,with the production of new medical ingredients and medical aroma.The result of the analysis of chemical ingredients shows that new-type tobacco has characteristics of low-sugar,middle and high nicotine content.It is validated by cigarette-producing enterprises that new-type tobacco has applicability and comparably high value in utilization.