旧与新——以郓城县乡村社会为中心(1946-1956)

From Old to New

以土改至合作化改造时期的山东省郓城县乡村社会为考察对象,可见当时村庄权力的演变过程经历了由旧式统治者到土改积极分子再到劳动带头人的历程。此一变迁历程具有明显的外力主导性特点,革命政权对其领导下的村庄领导者的考量重心亦发生了相应改变。新式乡村领导者仍难以符合党的要求,乡村的阶层分化和贫富分化亦再次凸显,党推动农村合作化运动,以遏止新的阶层分化,走共同富裕之路,但却导致乡村社会走向停滞状态。

Focusing on the rural areas of Yuncheng County in Southwestern Shandong during the period of land reform and cooperative movement, this thesis studies the role transformation of village leaders, from traditional leaders to activists of land reform to labor leaders. This transformation was controlled by exterior force. The priority emphasized by the revolutionary regime to village leaders had changed accordingly. While new-style leaders’ performance couldn’t meet the demands of the CPC, as a result, the gap between classes and the gap between the rich and the poor began to be widened. A cooperative movement was intended to remove the differentiation between classes and seeking common prosperity, yet it made the development of the village stay at the same level.