演讲叙事语篇的修辞功能与结构模式研究

Research on Speech Narrative Mode and its Rhetorical Function

本研究旨在探讨演讲叙事的修辞功能及语篇结构模式。研究发现:为演讲劝说提供事实性论据、表达情感和语篇导向等是演讲叙事的三个基本修辞性功能。提供事实论据功能依赖于演讲叙事后效果,因此演讲叙事必须凸显出有利于劝说目标的事件要素,常出现情节简洁和结构不完整现象;情感表达功能要求演讲者籍助共同经历的讲述和评价部分,激发受众特定情感,在语篇模式方面则表现为演讲者常在字斟句酌的同时,又常出乎预料地不惜笔墨凸显其评价部分;语篇导向功能则通常仅提供事件框架,情节极为简洁。

This study aims to explore the rhetorical function of narratives in speech and their corresponding discourse pattern. The study discovers that the narratives usually serve three basic rhetorical functions in the speech discourse： factual evidence, emotion carrier and discourse organizer. The narrative as factual evidence works through its illocutionary effect and such narrator must highlight the factors favorable for the speech theme while weakening or even neglecting other elements. Subsequently, the narrative discourse may be characterized by simple plot and incomplete structure. The function of carrying emotions enables the narrator to excite the addressee＇s passions through narrating common experiences which in turn leads to the unexpected stress on the commentary part besides the economic story itself. The narrative serving as the discourse organizer is usually simple with only the skeleton of the story.