学位论文撰写纲要——兼谈认知对比语言学

The Outline of Degree Paper:With an Idea on Cognitive Contrastive Linguistics

本文首先重温中学语文老师的教导:政论文必备两大要素——论点和论据,并据此列述了研究生论文不足的几种类型,提出"论点新、论据足"的创新性写作纲要。论点新,新就新在"与时俱进"上,即掌握国内外语言学前沿理论(如认知语言学和后现代语言哲学),反思索氏和乔氏客观主义语言学之弱点,突出"人本主义"研究方法;论据足,足就足在要学会运用万维网络建立封闭语料,以"基于用法的模型"为出发点,分析语言的实际用法,以能有效避免研究中的主观性,使得成果更具科学性和说服力。笔者还基于此提出了建立"认知对比语言学"的初步想法,运用前沿的认知语言学理论进行英汉对比研究。本文还以苗萌的研究为例解释了上述思路。

The present paper firstly reviews the instructions by middle school teachers of Chinese： the expositive essay should have two basic factors-argument and argumentation, then lists the some types of shortcomings in postgraduates＇ papers, thus proposing the outline for creative essay： ＂New argument plus sufficient argumentation＂ . ＂Being new＂ , lies in the policy of ＂advancing with times＂ , with a good mastery of frontier linguistic theories both at home and abroad （e.g. Cognitive Linguistics and Post- modern Philosophy of Language）, critically reflecting the weakpoints of Saussurean and Chomskyan Objectivist linguistics, and emphasizing the ＂humanist＂ approach. ＂Being sufficient＂ , lies in the mastery of website for closed data, based on ＂usage-based model＂ and analysis of the practical uses in order to avoid subjectivity in researches, thus making them more scientific and persuasive. The author, based on the above ideas, attempts to establish ＂Cognitive Contmstive Linguistics＂ , for the comparative and contrastive research between English and Chinese by means of the most advanced Cognitive Linguistics Theory. The present paper also takes Miao Meng＇ s essay as an example to illustrate the above outline.