寓言的隐喻特异性与寓言类隐喻的解读困惑——以《百喻经》和《新约全书》为例

Metaphorical Specificity of Parables and Decoding Perplexities of Metaphor-Type Parables: With Examples Taken fromSutra of 100 Parables and New Testament

寓言具有隐喻的部分特征,故这种隐喻可以称为寓言类隐喻。相对于常规隐喻,寓言类隐喻的喻体和本体(如果有的话)都没有词汇化,其修辞目标是激发某种情绪反应,情绪反应从源域向目标域映射、对寓言细节的过度解读,受困于寓言意象的表面冲突,面对多种寓意时难以取舍,是寓言解读时的三类困惑。对不变原则的表述内容做进一步拓展,坚持情绪反应的部分映射,就能解释或化解寓言类隐喻解读时的种种困惑。

Parables share part of the features of metaphors, hence parable-type ones. Different from prototypical metaphors, parable- type ones have unlexicalized vehicles and tenors （if they are any） with the rhetorical goal of invoking an emotional response which maps from the source to the target. Over-interpretation of parable details, embarrassment with superficial conflict of parable images, and inability of determining the moral out of many possibilities are the three perplexities in decoding parables, which can be explained or will evaporate when the Invariable Principle is further extended and a partial mapping of emotional response is conducted.