企业合作研发中的机会主义行为及其治理机制设计

Opportunism Behaviors in Collaborative R & D among Enterprises and Its Governance Mechanism Design

合作研发可以快速、低成本、低风险获得研发所需资源,已成为企业在新产品开发和技术创新时普遍选择的策略。但企业的机会主义行为增加了合作关系的复杂性,破坏了合作研发的健康发展。本文基于非正式的自我约束机制和正式的制度约束机制相结合的视角,通过博弈建模的方法研究了企业合作研发过程中机会主义行为发生的条件和影响要素,并以此为基础提出了相应的治理机制和防范策略,以提高合作研发的绩效,实现合作研发各方利益的最大化。

Collaborative R ＆ D among enterprises can easily and inexpensively obtain the complementary resources and skills to achieve the objectives. Collaborative R ＆ D has become increasingly an important strategy to accelerate new product development. However, the opportunism behaviors can highly disturb the trust and cooperation relationships among enterpri- ses. So, it is necessary to research about safeguard strategy on opportunism behaviors. From the combination perspective be- tween formal and informal governance mechanism, it expounds the key factors and conditions of opportunism behaviors oc- currence by game modeling method. Furthermore,the governance mechanism to safeguard against opportunism behaviors is put forward to improve the performance of collaborative R ＆ D. The significance of the results is to help all participants a- chieve the expected maximum utility by the collaborative R ＆ D behaviors.