“赫斯伯格矛盾”解读——以大学与欧洲近代早期社会变革为视角

The Explanation on Hesburgh's Contradiction——From the Perspective of University and Social Transformation of Early Modern Europe

近代早期的大学在展现"赫斯伯格矛盾"保守一面的同时,也以其独特的方式积极改造着欧洲的宗教和社会。欧洲的大学不但为近代早期宗教改革思想的出现提供了灵感,也为马丁·路德反抗天主教会的实践活动提供了支持。大学毕业生不仅成为了宗教改革运动的领导者,也让更多受到天主教压迫的普通民众能够接触到宗教改革的新思想,从而激起了整个社会对天主教会的反抗行为。欧洲的大学在宗教改革运动开展的过程中扮演了重要角色,大学史的研究成为连接宗教改革思想史和社会史的重要桥梁。从具体的历史视域来解读"赫斯伯格矛盾",对高等教育在现代社会中的角色会有更为深刻的认识。

The universities of early modern Europe showed the conservative aspect of Hesburgh＇s Contradiction, meanwhile, the universities also transformed the European religion and society positively with its distinctive way. The universities in Europe not only inspired the thinking of Reformation in early modern period, but also provided great support to the rebellious activities of Martin Luther against the Roman Catholic Church. The university graduates no! only became the leaders of the Reformation, but also brought the new idea of the Reformation to ordinary people, thereby stimulated the rebellion of the whole society against the Roman Catholic Church. The universities in Europe played an important role in the Reformation, and the research on the history of university linked the intellectual history and the social history together. When we exp｜ained I-lesburgh＇s Contradiction from the specific history context, we could recognize the role of higher education in modern society more profoundly.