农村已婚育龄妇女不孕症影响因素分析

Analysis on the influencing factors of infertility in rural married women

目的：了解农村已婚育龄妇女不孕症发生的影响因素，为进行有针对性的防治提供依据。方法：采取整群抽样的方法，对2011年7月-10月黑龙江省6个乡镇筛选出的364例已婚育龄妇女进行问卷调查。结果：与非不孕组相比，不孕组的年龄和初潮年龄较大，体重指数（BMI）较小，有吸烟史，月经多不规律，周期较长，月经量偏少，痛经较严重，并多患有妇科疾病，不孕组中做过人工流产者较少，性生活较频繁，两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。不孕症患者的就诊率为49．21％，患病年限以3—10年最多，占不孕症患者的38．46％。结论：年龄、月经规律性、月经周期、月经量和痛经为不孕症发生的危险因素；BMI、人工流产和性生活频率为不孕症发生的保护因素。

Objective： To understand the influencing factors of infertility in rural married women, and provide a bases for targeted prevention and treatment of infertility. Methods： The questionnaire survey was conducted among 364 married women of childbearing age screened from six towns in Heilongjiang province from July to October in 2011 with cluster sampling method. Results： Compared to non - in- fertility group, the women in infertility group were found with older age and menarche age, smaller BMI, smoking history, menstrual irregu- larity, longer menstrual cycle, few menstrual amount, more serious dysmenorrhea, more gynecologic diseases, less induced abortion, more frequent sexual activity, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0. 05 ） . The consultation rate of infertility was 49.21%. Most of the infertile patients were 3 - 10 years old, accounting for 38.46%. Conclusion： Age, menstrual regularity, menstrual cycle, menstrual a- mount, and dysmenorrhea are the risk factors for infertility ; BMI, induced abortion, and regularity of sexual activity are protective factors for infertility.