北方冬季滴灌温室土壤温度变化规律及影响因素分析

Study on Soil Temperature and Its Influencing Factors in Northern Winter Solar Greenhouse With Drip Irrigation

以日光温室秋冬茬甜椒为试材,进行膜下滴灌试验,观测4种不同水分处理对甜椒全生育期内的根区土壤温度变化规律,采用通径分析方法分析土壤温度与环境因子的关系及其综合效应。结果表明:土壤浅层温度增加较快且变幅较大,随着土壤深度的增加,土壤温度增加缓慢,变幅迅速变小。各层土壤温度最大值出现时间随深度增加而延迟。土壤温度变幅与土层深度呈指数关系,且各处理15:30时二者相关系数最大。土壤25cm深度范围内平均温度随灌水定额的增大而减小。灌水定额对土壤温度变幅与土层深度之间的相关性具有一定影响。土壤含水率、温室温度与土壤温度相关系数分别为-0.7574和0.6512,直接通径系数分别为-0.7021和0.6172,说明土壤含水率和温室温度对土壤温度的提高影响极大。

Taking sweet pepper that cultivating in autumn and winter in solar greenhouse as material, by field experiment, the soil temperature change in solar greenhouse with drip irrigation under plastic film was studied during the growth period of pepper under the condition of four different soil water treatments, and the relationship of soil temperature and environmental factors and their comprehensive effects were analyzed by path analysis method. The results showed that the temperature of different treatments reduced, with the increasing of irrigation water quota. The temperature of surfacelayer soil reduced quickly and the range of its temperature was larger. And with the increasing of soil depth, the soil temperature increased slowlier and its range decreased,and the peak soil temperature of different layers appeared delayed. The relationship of soil temperature and the soil depth were exponential ,and the correlation coefficient of each treatments reached the maximum at 15.30;the average soil temperature of 25 cm depth reduce with the increasing of irrigation quota, and irrigation water quota had a direct influence on the correlation between soil temperature and the depth of soil; the correlation coefficients of soil moisture content, the air temperature and soil temperature in solar greenhouse was -0. 7574 and 0. 6512 respectively,directly action coefficients of path was -0. 7021 and 0. 61.72 respectively,which showed that the both soil moisture content and the air temperature in solar greenhouse had greatly effect on soil temperature.