大规模风电参与系统频率调整的技术展望

Prospect of Technology for Large-Scale Wind Farm Participating Into Power Grid Frequency Regulation

要求风电主动参与系统频率调整是风电大规模并网后电力系统为保证其自身安全做出的必然选择。世界多个国家的风电并网导则对此提出了明确要求。然而,传统的风电机组一般都没有提供频率调整功能,风电如何参与调频是目前的研究热点。从风电参与系统调频的控制策略和能力评估两个方面对相关研究进展进行了综述。控制方面,对比研究了模拟惯量控制、下垂控制、转子转速控制、桨距角控制以及协调控制等不同控制策略。调频能力方面,分析了单台及多台风电机组的调频能力,归纳了风电区域互补性对调频能力的影响。并展望了需进一步重点研究的内容:风电场内部机组间及风电场与常规系统间的协调控制、风电场与储能等新技术的协调控制、风电场参与调频的能力评估与经济性分析。

It is an inevitable choice to ensure its own security of power grid to claim grid-connected large-scale wind farm participating into grid frequency regulation, and in many countries in the world such a claim is clearly raised in the guidance of grid-connection of wind farms. However, the function of frequency regulation is not offered to traditional wind power generating units, so how wind farms can participate into frequency regulation becomes research hotspot presently. Present progress of related researches in two aspects, i.e., the control strategy for wind power systems participating system frequency regulation and its capability assessment is summarized. In the aspect of the control modes, contrastive research on different control strategies such as inertia emulation control, droop control, rotor speed control, pitch angle control and coordinated control is performed, and the frequency regulation capability of single and multi wind power generating units is analyzed and the complementarity among regions where wind farm locate on frequency regulation capability is summed up, and then the contents to be further researched, such as the coordinated control among wind power generating units inside wind farm and that between wind farm and conventional power grids, the coordinated control among wind farms and new technologies, for instance, the energy storage system and so on, the capability assessment and economy analysis on wind farm participating into frequency regulation, are prospected.