应用电气几何模型的高速铁路接触网防雷性能分析

Analysis on Lightning Performance for Catenary of High-Speed Railway Based on Electro-geometric Model

雷击接触网是危及高速铁路安全可靠运行的重要因素之一,在我国由雷击引起的接触网跳闸次数占总故障跳闸次数的30%以上。直击雷和感应雷均会造成接触网跳闸,高铁接触网的结构特点决定了F线是最易遭受雷击的。基于电气几何模型,分析了接触网引雷范围,随着导线对地高度的增加,接触网引雷范围近似于线性增加。在高架桥高度为平均15 m左右时,高铁接触网引雷范围为位于一般地面普通铁路接触网引雷范围的2倍左右。推导了高铁接触网直击雷跳闸率和感应雷跳闸率计算公式,典型线路的计算结果与实际运行数据结果表明计算误差在8.8%左右,计算方法较准确,计算结果表明我国高铁接触网整体防雷性能较薄弱。

Lightning strike on catenary is one of important factors hazardous on safe and reliable operation of high-speed railway. In China the number of trip-out caused by lightning strike on catenary accounts for more than 30%of total trip-out numbers due to faults. Both direct lightning strike and induced lightning strike can lead to trip-out of catenary, and F-line of the catenary is most easily to be lightning-stricken. Based on electro-geometrical model the triggered lightning range around the catenary is analyzed and along with the increase of the height of the catenary conductor to the ground the triggered lightning range around the catenary increases approximately linearly. When the average height of the viaduct is 15 m, the triggered lightning range around the high-speed railway catenary is about two-fold of the triggered lightning range around the common-speed railway catenary. The computing formula for trip-out rate due to direct lightning strike and that due to induced lightning strike for high-speed railway catenary are derived, and the comparison of computation result of typical high-speed railway catenary with that of actually operated high-speed railway shows that the computation error is about 8.8%, so the proposed calculation method is relatively accurate, and it is also shown that the overall lightning performance of the high-speed railway catenary in China is relatively weak.