健康管理对出院后产褥期母婴健康的影响

Effect of health management on the health of puerpera and infants during post-discharge puerperium

目的探讨产科实施健康管理对出院后产褥期母婴健康的影响。方法将2012年1～12月在我院产科住院分娩无并发症的产妇849例．按照分娩日期单双号分为实验组和对照组。实验组产妇出院后由专职护士建立健康档案、电话随访和家访等措施进行护理干预，对照组仅接受来电咨询。对两组产褥期母婴的健康状况进行统计分析。结果实验组产妇子宫复旧不良、急性乳腺炎、痔疮肛裂、产后便秘等6项指标发病率与对照组比较显著降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），两组产妇腹部伤口愈合不良发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。实验组新生儿产褥期黄疸、脐带脱落延迟、臀红、鹅口疮等发生率显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01），两组新生儿湿疹、腹泻比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论出院后健康管理的实施，可以有效降低产褥期母婴患病率，提高母婴健康水平。

Objective To evaluate the effect of health management on the health of puerpera and infants during post-discharge puerperium. Methods Totally 849 puerpera and infants without any complications were divided into two groups. The puerpera in the experimental group received health management including health records, home visit and phone follow up, while the puerpera in the control group received consultation by phone. The health status of puerpera and infants were compared between the two groups. Results The incidences of unhealthy involution of uterus, acute mastitis, hemorrhoids and anal fissure, postpartum constipation in the experimental group were signifi- cantly lower than those in the control group（P〈0.01）;while no significant difference was found in the incidence of poor abdomen wound healing between the two groups（P〈0.05）. The incidences of puerperium jaundice,delay of abla- tion of umbilical cord, red buttocks, thrush of the infants in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P〈0.01 ）;while no significant difference was found in the incidence of eczema and diarrhea of the infants between the two groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Health management can effectively decrease the inci- dence of diseases of puerpera and infants and improve their health level.