摘要
概述了作物模型的发展历史和现状,并着重介绍了作物模型的新发展─基于QTL的作物生长模型。作者介绍了基于QTL的作物生长模型的原理,应用前提与基本步骤,并以一个光温发育模型准确预测大麦重组自交系的开花期为例,介绍基于QTL的作物生长模型在从基因型到预测表型中的应用和发展。结合这些研究进展,总结了基于QTL的作物模型对提高分子辅助育种效率和进行分子育种设计的帮助:模型可以去除环境误差,提高遗传分析精度;模型可以把复杂的产量性状分解为不同的生理组成部分,进而分析每一个生理组分的遗传变异,并利用模型来优化组合各生理过程,设计出最佳植株;作物生长模型可以预测复杂环境因子变化与植株性状之间的反馈调控与协变趋势,预测"QTL-环境互作"。最后作者结合基因组技术的发展,展望了结合全基因组连锁分析的"基于基因的作物模型"的发展前景。
In this paper, we present an overview of the origin and developments of crop model. We introduced the new development in crop model--QTL-based modelling and its fundamentals are discussed. We also summarized re- cent progresses of QTL-based modelling to bridge the ＂gene-to-phenotype＂ gap. We discussed the role of QTL- based modelling in assisting plant breeding and marker assisted selection：crop model can support QTLs mapping by removing the environmental noises;crop model not only can dissect complex traits into physiological relevant compo- nents for QTL analysis, but can also integrate effects of QTLs of the component traits over time and space, allowing for designing ideotypes of various genetic make-ups underlying physiological processes ; crop model can quantify cau- sality between relevant physiological processes and responses of these processes to environmental variables, resolving QTL x environment interaction. In the end, we discussed the future prospects of integrating modem genomics tech- nologies with crop modeling to achieve accurate genotype-phenotype prediction.
出处
《作物杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期14-18,共5页
Crops
