不同向日葵品种资源对黄萎病抗性的田间鉴定

The Identification of Resistance of Different Sunflower Varieties to Sunflower Verticilium Wilt in Fields

在内蒙古巴彦淖尔市五原县、宁夏固原县以及黑龙江农科院农场的田间自然病圃进行了不同向日葵品种抗黄萎病鉴定试验。结果表明,同一供试地点不同向日葵品种之间以及同一品种在不同供试地点间均存在着一定的抗性差异。内蒙古巴彦淖尔市五原县供试的48份向日葵品种中鉴定出高抗品种10份,中抗品种10份,感病品种28份;宁夏固原县供试的30份向日葵品种中鉴定出5份高抗黄萎病的向日葵品种,中抗黄萎病品种12份,13份感病品种;黑龙江农科院供试的52份向日葵品种中鉴定出1份免疫品种PR2302,高抗品种8份,中抗品种14份,感病品种30份。同时,不同供试地点的试验结果表明,同一向日葵品种在不同供试地点对黄萎病抗性表现出一定差异,预示着向日葵黄萎病菌存在着致病力分化现象。

The resistance of different sunflower varieties to Sunflower Verticillium Wilt was tested in three different sunflower planting regions ： Wuyuan of Inner Mongolia, Guyuan of Ningxia and Haerbing of Heilongjiang. Our results suggested that there not only have significant differences on the resistance to Sunflower Verticilium Wilt among all the tested sunflower varieties in the same tested field, but also the same variety showed different resistance level at different tested fields. In Inner Mongolia tested field, among 48 sunflower varieties, l0 varieties such as JK103 showed high resistance level;10 varieties showed middle resistance and 28 varieties showed susceptible to the Sun- flower Verticulium Wilt. In Ningxia tested field, among 30 sunflower varieties,5 varieties such as JK103 showed high resistance, 12 varieties showed middle resistance and 13 varieties showed susceptible. However, in Haerbing tested field, among 52 sunflower varieties ,only PR2302 showed immunity to Sunflower Verticilium Wih;9 varieties such as JK102 showed high resistance, 14 varieties showed middle resistance and 30 varieties showed susceptible. In addi- tion, the same sunflower varieties show different resistant level in different tested sites, suggesting virulence differen- tiation do exist in Verticillium Dahliae which caused Sunflower Verticilium Wilt.