“07.30”山西区域性暴雨的水汽输送特征分析

"07.30" Shanxi Regional Heavy Rain Water Vapor Transmission Characteristics of the Analysis

利用NCEP／NCAR逐6h1°×1°再分析资料、常规气象观测资料、山西区域雨量站和GPS大气可降水量资料，对2012．07—30—3l的暴雨天气过程中的水汽输送和收支特征进行了分析，结果表明，热带辐合带北侧的偏东气流与副热带高压西侧的偏南气流是本次暴雨的水汽来源；暴雨中心出现在低层水汽通量大值中心和下风方的水汽通量辐合中心之间，气柱水汽总量空间分布在水平梯度≥30mnl／°N（E）的区域（干、湿空气的交汇区）暴雨区水汽主要来自对流层中低层的水汽辐合，低层东西向的水汽辐合是其主要贡献者，南边界水汽输入的突然增大或减小对暴雨的发生、发展和消亡具有一定的指示意义；对流层中低层水汽输送分别对应山西北部和南部暴雨区。

Based on the NCEP/NCAR by 6 h 1°×1° reanalysis data, conventional meteorological observation data, shanxi area precipitation station and GPS atmospheric precipitation data, the heavy rain weather process of the 2012-07-30--31 characteristics are analyzed, and the water vapor transmission and payments results show that the intertropical convergence zone on the north side of the airflow and the west side of subtropical high by south east airflow is water vapor source of the heavy rain; Rainstorm center appears in the center of the lower water vapor flux big value and disadvantage between the vapor flux convergence center, total gaseous water vapor space distribution in horizontal gradient of 30 mm/°N（ E ）or area（ the intersection of dry, wet air ）. Heavy water vapor area mainly from low-level moisture in the troposphere, the lower the east-west water vapor convergence is the main contributor, south boundary sudden increase or decrease of water vapor input on the occurrence and development of heavy rain and die has a certain instruction significance; Troposphere for lower water vapor transport in a heavy rain in north and south shanxi area, the maximum of water vapor transport also appear strong precipitation appear time 1 ～ 3 h in advance.