技术差距、政府补贴与企业自主创新强度

Technological Disparity,Governmental subsidies and the intensity of Enterprises' Self-innovation

构建三部门模型分析技术差距、政府补贴对企业研发强度的作用,研究发现:企业总研发强度与企业自主创新强度由技术差距、政府补贴、人力资本总量、原有技术基础共同决定。国内外技术差距与企业总研发强度起正向作用,与企业自主创新强度起负向作用;政府补贴与企业总研发强度、企业自主创新强度起正向作用。在此基础上,以中国2005—2010年31个省、市、自治区的相关数据所进行的实证分析表明:技术差距是关乎企业总研发强度与企业自主创新强度的关键因素,尤其对经济处于起飞区域作用显著;政府补贴有助于提高企业总研发强度与企业自主创新强度;人力资本总体上与企业总研发强度、企业自主创新强度起正向关系,但作用强度相对较小;原有技术基础与企业总研发强度、企业自主创新强度的关系是不确定的,总体上呈现负向或不显著的关系。

This article establishes a three - sector model, in order to analyze the effect of the technological disparity, governmental sub- sidies, imposing on the intensity of enterprises＇ R＆D. As the findings show, the intensity of enterprises＇ general R＆D and the intensity of enterprises＇ self - innovation are determined by the technological disparity, governmental subsidies, the quantity of human capital, previous technology foundations. The technological disparity makes a positive effect on the inten- sity of enterprises＇ general R＆D, while makes a negative effect on the intensity of enterprises＇ self - innovation. Govern- mental subsidies impose a positive influence on he intensity of enterprises＇ general R＆D and the intensity of enterprises＇ self - innovation. Based on this, we make use of related data of 31 provinces, during the period of 2005 -2010, to make an em- pirical analysis. As the empirical findings show, the technological disparity is a key factor to the intensity of enterprises＇ general R＆D and the intensity of enterprises＇ self - innovation, especially for fast - growing regions. Governmental subsidies contribute to the intensity of enterprises＇ general R＆D and the intensity of enterprises＇ self - innovation. Human capital generally imposes a positive effect on the intensity of enterprises＇ general R＆D and the intensity of enterprises＇ self - inno- vation, but makes a minor effect. The relationship between the previous technology foundations as well as the intensity of en- terprises＇ general R＆D and the intensity of enterprises＇ self - innovation are undermined, but the previous technology foun- dations generally impose a negative or minor effect on the intensity of enterprises＇ general R＆D and the intensity of enterpri- ses＇ self - innovation.