小型鸟类代谢特征比较

Comparison of Metabolic Characteristics in Small Birds

在测定小巫鸟、栗巫鸟和普通朱雀的标准代谢率 (SMR)的基础上 ,通过和世界鸟类代谢率的比较 ,找出鸟类代谢率和纬度的相关性 ,为鸟类能学的研究和生态系统中能流模型的建造提供某些必要的系数。

The Standard metabolic rate(SMR) of birds correlates broadly with climate of origin. SMR tends to be higher in birds from cold climates and lower in tropical forms than would be expected based from their body mass. Increased rates of endogenous heat production in cold climated birds could contribute to improved cold tolerance and thus have adaptative significance. In order to study the characteristics of thermoregulation in northern small birds, their standard metabolic rate(SMR), body weight were measured of scarlet grosbeaks ,little buntings and chestnut buntings at ambient temperature (Ta) ranged from 5～40℃. The thermal neutral zone(TNZ) for scarlet grosbeaks are extended from 26.7 to37.5、little buntings from 20 to 25℃ and chestnut buntings from 25 to 32.5℃. The minimum metabolic rate of scarlet grosbeaks、little buntings and chestnut buntings were 4.21ml O2/g.h 、4.19 ml O2/g.h and 3.99 ml O2/g.h respectively,which were 109%、181% and 146% of the expected value from their body mass according to Aschoff and Pohl(1970). In conclusion,the adaptation of northern small birds to environmental climate were by the means of the high intensity of chemical thermoregulation.