基于混合推进的地球同步悬浮轨道设计

Design of Displaced Geostationary Orbits Using Hybrid Propulsion

为了满足特定任务对悬浮轨道航天器长期运行的需求,文章研究了基于太阳能电推进(SEP)和太阳帆混合动力的地球同步悬浮轨道的推进技术。首先推导了混合推进下太阳帆姿态角与SEP系统加速度之间的关系式;然后对其一阶最优性条件求解单变量极值问题,得到太阳帆姿态角的控制律以及SEP系统的加速度的极小值;最后进行了算例仿真。仿真结果显示,相对于仅采用太阳能电推进的航天器,采用混合推进策略运行一年,可以节省约57%的燃料。所设计的混合推进策略达到了节省燃料、提高航天器在轨寿命的目的,可以很好地实现现阶段地球同步悬浮轨道的要求。

To satisfy the requirement of long-term on-orbit displaced spacecraft for specific tasks,a hybrid propulsion technology,consisting of solar electric propulsion （SEP）and solar sail,was studied for the displaced geostationary orbit.The relation between the sail attitude angles and the SEP acceleration for hybrid propulsion system was firstly deduced. A single variable extremum problem obtained from the first-order optimality condition was solved to minimize the SEP acceleration and acquire the control law of solar sail attitude angles. Numerical simulations show that the hybrid propulsion approach can save about 5 7% of fuel consumption per year compared with the SEP method. The hybrid propulsion approach achieves the goal of improving the lifetime of spacecraft and meets the requirements of the displaced geostationary orbits.