连作条件下不同施肥处理对设施黄瓜产量和品质的影响

Effect of Different Fertilizer Application and Continuous Cropping on Yield and Quality of Facility Cucumber

研究了连作条件下不同施肥处理对设施黄瓜产量和品质的影响。结果表明:在连作条件下,农民传统施肥和不施肥均会造成黄瓜产量下降、品质变劣。合理施肥能够相对减小产量的降幅,提高黄瓜的品质。随着设施黄瓜连作年限的延长,农民传统施肥黄瓜产量、Vc、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、有机酸含量均降低,黄瓜果实硝酸盐含量不断增加。减施氮磷肥、增施钾肥有机肥及优化施肥黄瓜产量降低,Vc、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、有机酸含量均升高,黄瓜果实硝酸盐含量降低。综合产量和品质两个因素,优化施肥效果最佳,与农民传统施肥相比,产量降幅减小74.7%,Vc、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、有机酸含量分别提高39.6%、17.7%、29.3%、53.0%、20.7%,黄瓜果实硝酸盐含量降低20.6%。

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of different fertilizer application and continuous cropping on yield and quality of facility cucumber. The results indicated that the treatment of the farmer traditional fertilization and no fertilizer treatment could lead to the yield decline and the quality of the cucumber getting worse. Reasonable fertilization could reduce the yield decline relatively, and improve the quality of the cucumber. Along with the continuous cropping, the yield and the contents of Vc, soluble sugar, soluble protein, free amino acid and organic acid of the facility cucumbers in the farmers＇ traditional fertilization treatment decreased, and the nitrate content of cucumber fruit increased. The yield and nitrate content of cucumber fruit decreased, while the contents of Vc, soluble sugar, soluble protein, free amino acid and organic acid increasing in the treatments of reducing N fertilizer, reducing P fertilizer, increasing K fertilizer, increasing organic fertilizer and optimized fertilization. In combination with yield and quality of the cucumber, the effect of optimized fertilization treatment was best. Compared with farmer traditional fertilization treatment, the yield decline and nitrate content of cucumber fruit decreased by 74.7% and 20.6%, the contents of Vc, soluble sugar, soluble protein, free amino acid and organic acid increased by 39.6%, 17.7%, 29.3%, 20.7%, and 53.0% respectively.