施用沼液对水芹产量及品质的影响

Effect of Biogas Slurry on the Growth and Quality of Oenanthe javanica

为明确沼液在水生蔬菜上的施用效果,通过设置0、25%、50%和75%不同比例沼液氮素替代化肥氮素田间试验,研究沼液与化肥配施对水芹产量及品质的影响,进而为沼液的资源化利用提供理论依据和技术支撑。结果表明,沼液氮替代化肥氮比例分别为25%、50%和75%时,水芹产量分别比单施化肥处理提高6.1%、66.7%和44.4%,其中沼液替代比例为50%处理的产量最高,达82 541 kg/hm2。与单施化肥相比,沼液替代化肥各处理水芹茎和叶中总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、Vc、蛋白质和纤维素含量均无显著变化,但可溶性糖均低于单施化肥处理。与单施化肥处理相比,沼液替代化肥各处理水芹茎部的硝酸盐含量,分别降低了6.3%、31.9%和18.6%。沼液替代化肥施用于水芹,可有效促进水芹生长,提高水芹产量,并能适当改善水芹品质,降低硝酸盐含量;沼液替代化肥的比例以50%左右为宜。

In order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the utilization of biogas slurry, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different ratios （0. 25%, 50% and 75% ） of biogas slurry nitrogen, which substituted chemical nitrogen fertilizer, on the yield and quality of aquatic vegetables （Oenanthe javanica）. The results indicated that the yields of Oenanthe javanica amended with 25%, 50% and 75% ratio of biogas slurry were 6.05%, 66.67% and 44.44%, respectively, which were all higher than that amended with chemical fertilizer treatment. The highest yield of Oenanthejavanica appeared in the treatment amended with 50% ratios of slurry, which was 82 541 kg/hm2. There were no significant differences in chlorophyll, carotenoid, vitamin C, cellulose and protein contents in the stem and leaf of Oenanthe javanica between different ratios biogas slurry treatments and chemical fertilizer treatment. The soluble sugar contents in stem and leaf of Oenanthejavanica of other four treatments were lower than that of chemical fertilizer treatment. Compared with chemical fertilizer treatment, nitrate contents in treatments with biogas slurry application ratio of 25%, 50% and 75% were decreased by 6.3%, 31.9% and 18.6%, respectively. In conclusion, the application of biogas slurry for substitution of chemical nitrogen fertilizer on Oenanthejavanica could promote the growth of Oenanthe javanica and improve its quality, also could reduce the nitrate contents of Oenanthe javanica. In this paper, the best slurry application ratio was 50% or so.