马克思主义经济学关于收入分配公平理论的新解读

The New Interpretation of Fair Income Distribution Theory in Marxist Economics

马克思主义经济学中的收入分配公平观需要进行梳理和拓展,可以归纳出从"源"和"流"的角度分析问题的范式,由此可以解释当前我国收入分配不公格局的现象。收入分配不公的"源"在于生产条件、财富和资源最初占有上的不公平,收入分配不公的"流"在于经济转型中市场机制的不平衡推进以及市场秩序紊乱。两个因素的结合在中国特殊国情的过渡经济时代拉大了收入差距,导致了收入分配不公。因此,政府应在初次分配中进行有效的干预,并在再分配阶段完善已有的政策措施,同时推进市场化纵深改革以及配套的政治体制改革,促进收入分配公平格局的形成。

The paradigm of analyzing the problem from the perspective of 'source' and 'flow' is concluded in this paper, based on reviewing and expanding the viewpoint of fair income distribution in the Marxism economics. The research result reveals that the 'origin' of the unfair income distribution is brought about by unfairly initial possessing of product condition, wealth and resource which the national strategy dominates and the 'flow' is brought about by the asymmetric market mechanism. The former which belongs to the 'source' perspective; and the latter is dominated by the unbalanced push of market mechanism in the economic transition which belongs to the 'flow' perspective. The combination of two forces enlarges the gap of income distribution and result in unfair income distribution in China's transition economy under the special national conditions.Therefore, the government should intervene effectively in the primary distribution, and improve the existing policies and measures in the redistribution while promote the market-oriented reform in depth as well as support the political system reform, to promote the formation of the pattern of fair income distribution.